{"id":33,"date":"2015-12-12T18:12:55","date_gmt":"2015-12-12T18:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/?p=33"},"modified":"2024-08-16T19:22:13","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T23:22:13","slug":"from-four-until-late","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/from-four-until-late\/","title":{"rendered":"From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gU3W5Gx9PJU\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_38\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38\" style=\"width: 94px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-38 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/dunn.jpg?resize=94%2C281&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"dunn\" width=\"94\" height=\"281\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-38\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Johnny Dunn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>One of my pet subjects as a music historian is how little we know about what and how people played in the past, and how easy it is to get stories wrong&#8211;especially when we think we know what we&#8217;re talking about. As I explain in the video, I had gone along with the notion that this song was Robert Johnson&#8217;s take on something Blind Blake played, and I still think he was echoing Blake&#8217;s guitar style, but the song had been recorded in 1922 &#8212; fifteen years before Johnson did it &#8212; by the Memphis trumpeter and bandleader Johnny Dunn, who is best known today as a member of Mamie Smith&#8217;s Jazz Hounds. Johnson seems to have been living in Memphis around 1922, and Dunn&#8217;s record is titled &#8220;Four O&#8217;Clock Blues,&#8221; so it all makes sense. (You can hear <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3g8wHA1X8l0\">Dunn&#8217;s version on Youtube<\/a>; the melody Johnson adapted is the second section.)<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/The-Four-OClock-Blues-digital-library-msstate-1-e1449937280395.jpg?resize=193%2C249&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"193\" height=\"249\" \/>Which said, Dunn&#8217;s recording is an instrumental, and the published sheet music has lyrics that bear no resemblance to what Johnson sang&#8230; and the song was also published in Memphis around that time with credit to another composer, Alex Valentine&#8230; and Skip James recorded a version of the song as &#8220;Four O&#8217;Clock Blues,&#8221; before Johnson did it, with yet another set of lyrics&#8230; and Alan Lomax recorded yet another version of the song in 1941 from Son House, Willie Brown, and Fiddlin&#8217; Joe Martin, who could have been Johnson&#8217;s source&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Like almost everyone else I got it from Johnson, and play it more or less in the style of Blind Blake, whose ragtime guitar technique was very different from the Mississippi Delta approach, but very popular there &#8212; Johnson&#8217;s stepson and protege, Robert Lockwood Jr., often said that Blake was his favorite guitarist.<\/p>\n<p>Incidentally, the sheet music for Dunn&#8217;s &#8220;Four O&#8217;Clock Blues&#8221; is a noteworthy example of the appropriation or whitewashing of Black blues and jazz styles for the white market, since the cover shows a white band playing the song, but is directly modeled on a photograph of the Black band Dunn led, Mamie Smith&#8217;s Jazz Hounds:<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-4808\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Four-OClock-Mamie-Smiths-Jazz-Hounds-small.jpg?resize=474%2C280&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Four-OClock-Mamie-Smiths-Jazz-Hounds-small.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Four-OClock-Mamie-Smiths-Jazz-Hounds-small.jpg?resize=300%2C178&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of my pet subjects as a music historian is how little we know about what and how people played in the past, and how easy it is to get stories wrong&#8211;especially when we think we know what we&#8217;re talking about. As I explain in the video, I had gone along with the notion that &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/from-four-until-late\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson)<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson) - Old Friends: A Songobiography<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/from-four-until-late\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson) - Old Friends: A Songobiography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One of my pet subjects as a music historian is how little we know about what and how people played in the past, and how easy it is to get stories wrong&#8211;especially when we think we know what we&#8217;re talking about. As I explain in the video, I had gone along with the notion that &hellip; Continue reading From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson) &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/from-four-until-late\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Old Friends: A Songobiography\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-12-12T18:12:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-16T23:22:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.elijahwald.com\/songblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/dunn.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elijah Wald\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ElijahWald\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ElijahWald\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elijah Wald\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elijah Wald\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/20e4f69f2f284ea0ff728a9d1b7720a9\"},\"headline\":\"From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson)\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-12-12T18:12:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-16T23:22:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":375,\"commentCount\":3,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/20e4f69f2f284ea0ff728a9d1b7720a9\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/dunn.jpg\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.elijahwald.com\\\/songblog\\\/from-four-until-late\\\/\",\"name\":\"From Four Until Late (Robert Johnson) - 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